Macam-Macam Electrolit Lemah dan Kuat

Subscribe

1. Elektrolit Kuat

a. Asam kuat

HxZ (aq)-> x H⁺(aq) + Z^x–(aq)

Contoh:

• HCl(aq)-> H+(aq) + Cl^–(aq)

• H₂SO₄(aq)-> 2 H⁺(aq) + SO₄^2–(aq)

• HNO₃(aq)-> H⁺(aq) + NO₃^–(aq)

b. Basa kuat

M(OH)x(aq)-> Mx⁺(aq) + x OH^–(aq)

Contoh:

• NaOH(aq)-> Na⁺(aq) + OH^–(aq)

• Ba(OH)2(aq)-> Ba²⁺(aq) + 2 OH^–(aq)

• Ca(OH)2(aq)-> Ca²⁺(aq) + 2 OH^–(aq)

c. Garam

MxZy(aq)-> x M^y+(aq) + y Z^x–(aq)

Contoh:

• NaCl(aq)-> Na⁺(aq) + Cl^–(aq)

• Na₂SO₄(aq)-> 2 Na⁺(aq) + SO₄^2–(aq)

• Al₂(SO₄)₃(aq)-> 2 Al³⁺(aq) + 3SO₄^2–(aq)

2. Elektrolit Lemah

a. Asam lemah

HxZ(aq) x H+(aq) + Zx–(aq)

Contoh:

CH3COOH(aq) H⁺(aq) + CH₃COO^–(aq)

H₂SO₃(aq) 2 H⁺(aq) + SO₃^2–(aq)

H₃PO₄(aq) 3 H⁺(aq) + PO₄^–(aq)

b. Basa lemah

M(OH)x(aq) M^x+(aq) + x OH^–(aq)

Contoh:

NH₄OH(aq) NH₄⁺(aq) + OH^–(aq)

Al(OH)₃(aq) Al³⁺(aq) + 3 OH^–(aq)

Fe(OH)₂(aq) Fe²⁺(aq) + 2 OH^–(aq)

No	Senyawa	Rumus Kimia	Reaksi Ionisasi
1	Asam Asetat	CH3COOH	CH3COOH → CH3COO-  + H+
2	Asam Arsenat	H3AsO4	H3AsO4 → AsO4- + 3H+
3	Asam Benzoat	C6H5COOH	C6H5COOH → C6H5COO- + H+
4	Asam Borat	H3BO3	H3BO3 → BO33- + 3H+
5	Asam Karbonat	H2C03	H2C03 → CO33- + 2H
6	Asam Formiat	HCOOH	HCOOH → HCOO- + H+
7	Asam Iodida	HI	HI →I- + H+
8	Asam Bromida	HBr	HBr → Br- + H+
9	Asam Klorida	HCl	HCl → Cl- + H+
10	Asam Fluorida	HF	HF → F- + H+
11	Asam Sianida	HCN	HCN → CN- + H+
12	Asam Sulfida	H2S	H2S → S2- + 2H+
13	Asam Nitrat	HNO3	HNO3 → NO3- + H+
14	Asam Nitrit	HNO2	HNO2 → N02- + H+
15	Asam Oksalat	H2C2O4	H2C2O4 → C2O42- + 2H+
16	Asam Fosfat	H3PO4	H3PO4 → PO43- + 3H+
17	Asam Sulfat	H2SO4	H2SO4 → SO42- +2H+
18	Asam Triosianat	HSCN	HSCN → SCN- + H+
19	Asam Klorat	HClO3	HClO3 → ClO3- + H+
20	Asam Perklorat	HClO4	HClO4 → ClO4- + H+
21	Asam Silikat	H2SiO3	H2SiO3 → SiO32- + 2H+
22	Asam Stanat	H2SNO3	H2SNO3 → SNO32- + 2H+
23	Asam Stanit	H2SNO2	H2SNO2 → SNO22- + 2H+
24	Asam Plumbat	H2PbO3	H2PbO3 → PbO32- + 2H+
25	Asam Plumbit	H2PbO2	H2PbO2 → PbO22- + 2H+